Inflation—Deflation
Fixed Money Supply

In this scenario the supply of money remains fixed while the production of shoes first increases (first chart) then decreases (second chart.)

Shoe Production Increases

Shoe Production Increases 2.00%/Month
Wheat Production Fixed 0.00%/Month
Money Supply Fixed 0.00%/Month
Inflation-Deflation

Shoe Production Decreases

Shoe Production Decreases -2.00%/Month
Wheat Production Fixed 0.00%/Month
Money Supply Fixed 0.00%/Month
Inflation-Deflation

Without the interference caused by changes in the quantity of money, prices provide information as they should. The first chart shows how, when production and sales increase, dollar prices decline. The second chart shows how, when production and sales decrease, dollar prices rise. Thus, by watching the trend of dollar prices actors in the market can determine whether production has risen or fallen.

Now, let's look at inflation (an increasing supply of money.)